Used batteries potential pollution has aroused wide attention of all social sectors. China is the world's leading dry cell producers and consumers, the data indicates that, at present 1,400 home battery production enterprise, 1980 dry cell production has surpassed the us and leapt in the world. In 1998, China's output achieved 140 million dry, and in the same year world output is about 300 dry SSR.
Such a large amount, make the battery one of the great problems exposed, that is how to make so much battery not to destroy the pollution in our survival environment. According to our survey, worn out cell contains a lot of heavy metals and reclamation, waste alkali etc electrolyte solution. If discarded, corruption battery will destroy our water erosion to our survival crops and land, our living environment is facing a huge threat. If a section 1 battery in the earth, its rotting toxic substances can make a square meters land lose use value, Throw a grain of fastener cell in the water, and it oilsand toxic substances can cause 60 million litres of water pollution, equivalent to a man's life's water, Used batteries contain cadmium, lead, mercury
Discarded used batteries not only pollute the environment, it is also a kind of waste of resources. Someone calculate an account with national 100 million battery produced every year, annual consumption 15.6 million tons of calculation, zinc, manganese dioxide 22.6 tons 2080 tons of copper and 2.7 million tons of zinc chloride, 7.9 million tons, 4.3 million tons of carbon rods. Although the advanced technology has given us the correct point, but China's battery pollutions still is not optimistic. At present our country the most used batteries interfuse living garbage is concurrently ploughed back, as time passes, after transformation of the battery decay, heavy metal, can dissolve out underground water pollution, and may be contaminated soil, ultimately through various channels into people's food chain. Creatures from environmental intake of heavy metal after food chain of biological amplification uploaded in more advanced 。

Batteries are generally classified into non-rechargeable batteries and rechargeable batteries. The main non-rechargeable batteries included xinmeng battery (containing zinc and manganese dioxide), zinc mercury battery (containing zinc and oxidation mercury) and lithium batteries etc. Several types. The main rechargeable batteries included cadmium - nickel and iron - nickel, zinc - silver, zinc - air - and lithium iron sulfides precipitation and lead-acid batteries etc. We use in our everyday life is the largest xinmeng battery and zinc mercury battery, and make the battery is the main cause pollution of mercury (employed by Hg) and cadmium (Cd).
Mercury toxic

Mercury which we called "mercury", it is a kind of room temperature for liquid substances, can prevent battery cathode metal zinc oxide, this approach improves the battery storage life. Therefore, the zinc in early before doing the battery cathode degrees almost have a certain amount of mercury make antiseptic. But mercury and of mercury compounds have neurotoxicity, endocrine system, the immune system to wait to also have undesirable effect, it triggers a person's lisp, unsteady gait, limb paralysis and associated with systemic spasm, mental disorders and die.
Long-term since, our country in manufacturing dry, to join a poisonous substance - mercury or mercury compounds. China's alkaline dry mercury content of 1% ~ 5%, neutral dry for 0.025% each year, used in the production of dry mercury formule dozens tons. With the progress of science and technology, batteries gradually began to implement low mercury and without mercury, mercury substitute for the surfactant Forafac fluorinated polymers in preventing zinc corrosion, achieved good effect.

Abandoned in nature in the battery mercury will slowly from batteries overflow, into the soil or water, again in the microbial, under the action of inorganic mercury can be converted to methyl mercury, gathered in fish body, where people to eat the fish, methyl mercury will enter the human brain cell, make the person of the nervous system

Cadmium toxicity

Cadmium is not necessary for human body trace element and newborn babies in vivo and no cadmium, but as the growth of the age, gradually accumulated. Cadmium renal toxicity, it has caused kidney damage is irreversible. Meanwhile renal injury after could be secondary to osteoporosis, cartilage disease and fractures. In 1993, international anti-cancer alliance will cadmium as IA level carcinogens. Based on the above reasons, many developed countries have suggested that prohibits the use of nickel cadmium battery and ni-mh battery has already overtaken cadmium nickel cadmium battery, avoid the use. While China's most of the battery production enterprise still using cadmium battery of raw material, production as the harm of making further enlarging the battery. Long-term consumption by cadmium pollution water and food, can cause bone pain disease, cadmium entering the human body, cause bone soft
Manganese toxicity

Excessive manganese accumulation within body can cause nerve dysfunction, early performance for the comprehensive function disorder, heavier appear drab and inflexible, language expression feelings with indifference, psychotic symptoms.

Lead toxicity

Lead major role in the nervous system, hematopoietic system, digestive system, and hepatic, kidney and other organs, can restrain the anabolic of hemoglobin, still can directly act on mature erythrocytes, baby, cheeper produces a strong poison, which will lead to children's physical retardation, chronic lead in the children's mental retardation meal.
Nickel toxicity

Nickel powder dissolved in blood, participate in the body circulation, and have strong toxicity, can damage the central nervous system, causing vascular variation, serious cause cancer.

Zinc toxicity

Zinc is human body the indispensable element, toxicity, low, oral for the zinc sulfate can make people acute poisoning, but inhaled zno smoke causes poisoning. Its symptoms for the whole body fatigue, muscle pain, difficulty breathing, vomiting, diarrhea, serious when a weak heart spasm, collapse, after death. Zinc sulfate, zinc invading skin mucous membrane, can produce dermatitis and ulcers. Zinc to fish and aquatic organisms than the toxicity of toxicity, so the fishery water quality requirements for every litres of zinc in contain no more than 0.1 mg.

Recycling waste batteries
Waste batteries are small, but very great harm. However, because waste batteries pollution is not like garbage, air and water pollution that can be obtained by sensory perceptions, with a great characteristic of concealment, so don't get due attention. At present, our country to become the battery production and consumption superpower, waste batteries pollution is urgent to a major environmental problems.
According to environmental expert introduction, on the waste batteries per 1000 grams metal recycling, including 82 grams of mercury, cadmium, can say, 88 grams recycling disposal of waste batteries not only dealt with pollution, but also realize resource recycling. Developed country abroad to waste batteries recycle and use a great importance. Western Europe many countries not only in the shop, but also directly on the streets is equipped with the special waste batteries reclamation, waste batteries 95% of their material all can recycle, especially heavy metal recovery value high. If foreign regeneration lead industry development is rapid, existing lead production 55% of all come from renewable lead. Regenerated lead industry, the waste lead battery occupy a large proportion of the regenerative processing. 100 kilograms battery can recycle waste lead 50 ~ 60 kilograms of lead. Cadmium waste batteries to contain the regeneration process, ? kingdom
Promotion mercury-free alkaline batteries, scattered processing of used batteries is relatively appropriate measures. The experimental data show that the domestic and international non-rechargeable batteries pollution control promotes the battery production without mercury is realized by countries now do not encourage to environmental protection for the purpose of centralized collection.

Used batteries environmental pollution indeed a startling, in recent years, recycling used batteries over to the related institutions on centralism processing has been as environmental action advocate vigorously, but collected used batteries how to handle but is a difficult problem. Beijing, Shanghai, shijiazhuang city reuse organisations are concentrated 100 tons of waste batteries, while the existing technology cannot to these used batteries for processing. WangJingZhong think, solve the problem of pollution used batteries are fundamental ways
Used batteries pollution to the environment mainly from the mercury and cadmium battery such chemical element, these are battery production process of additives.

China's battery industry association recently unveiled the first 11 mercury-free alkali "green" products, including manganese battery NaFu, ShuangLu, 555, elephants, train, changhong, mustang, high strength, three times and other brands of alkali manganese battery products. This 11 backbone enterprise alkali manganese batteries can be prolonged storage stability, electricity, and the mercury content are in 0.0001% below, including NaFu three brands of alkali manganese battery mercury content only 0.00002% considerably below the limit. Such mercury content, close and even lower than not contaminated soil mercury content of natural beings, abandoned mercury-free alkali manganese batteries can be mixed with living garbage collection and burying 。